![]() In addition, the region is expected to be greatly affected with climate change with majority of its economic activities heavily reliant on agriculture and coastal activities. Approximately 90% of the total GHG emissions of the ASEAN region is attributable to five countries namely, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. Though the region currently does not contribute significantly to GHG emissions, its role in climate change mitigation should be monitored and examined because of the region’s recent rapid industrialization and economic growth. The ASEAN includes 10 countries namely Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations or ASEAN was established in Bangkok in 1967. This scenario can lead to serious consequences such as sea level rise, water shortages, increased rainfall, and crop failure which will have a significant impact on livelihoods and economic performance. Projections indicate that a global average temperature rise of 2 ☌ from the pre-industrial period is likely to occur by 2100 if no concrete actions to reduce GHG emissions are implemented. The increase in atmospheric GHG concentration has led to the steady increase in global average temperatures. China was identified as the highest emitting country accounting for 30% of the global emissions (IPCC 2014). In 2014, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported that economic activities associated with electricity and heat production contributed most to these emissions (e.g. Hybrid models which integrate the multi-regional input–output linear program model with data envelopment analysis can also be developed.Īn increasing trend in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions has been observed since the 1900s and it has been linked primarily to fossil fuel combustion and industrial activities. Other strategies for reducing carbon emission intensity can also be explored, such as modelling transport mode choices, or establishing sectors for waste management. Future work can investigate modelling flexible multi-regional trade where regions have the option of substituting goods and products in its import or export structure. This model is currently limited by the assumption of fixed technical coefficients in the exchange and interdependence of different regions. Insights obtained from the model results can be used to help nations identify more appropriate and achievable carbon reduction targets and to develop coordinated and more customized policies to target priority sectors in a country. Though the presented case focused on the ASEAN region, the model framework can be used for the analysis of other multi-regional systems at various levels of resolution if data is available. ![]() The emissions reduction achieved by each country varied depending on the state of technology and the level of economic development in the different regions. This model provides a more holistic view of how the generation of carbon emissions are influenced by the interdependence of nations. In addition, the simultaneous implementation of multiple carbon emission reduction strategies provides the largest reduction in regional carbon emissions. In the case study examined, results indicate that the services sector, agriculture, and food manufacturing sector have higher potential for economic growth under carbon reduction emission constraints. Countries can focus on developing sectors that have potentials for growth and lower carbon intensity as new technologies become available. This model shows that minimizing collective carbon emissions can still yield economic growth. A high-level eight-sector economy is used for analyzing different economic strategies. We thus develop a multi-regional input–output model which can either minimize collective or individual carbon emissions. This work analyzes how ASEAN nations can achieve carbon reduction targets while aspiring for economic growth rates in consideration of interdependencies between nations. ![]() These regions are expected to be greatly affected with climate change. Currently, more than 90% of the total GHG emissions of the ASEAN region is attributable to Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. The IPCC reports that economic activities associated with electricity and heat production contributed most to GHG emissions and it led to the steady increase in global average temperatures. ![]() With the emergence of technologies that promote sustainable production, governments are working towards achieving their target economic growth while minimizing environmental emissions to meet their commitments to the international community. Economic growth is dependent on economic activity, which often translates to higher levels of carbon emissions. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |